Decked Out: An In-Depth Guide to Deck Railing Systems

Your deck or porch is an extension of your living space, a place to relax, entertain, and enjoy the outdoors. But a beautiful deck is only complete with a safe and stylish railing system. Choosing the right railing is crucial for both safety and aesthetics, impacting your outdoor space's overall look and feel. Choosing the right deck railing system can be overwhelming due to the many options available. This guide explores the diverse world of deck railing systems, helping you navigate the options and find the perfect fit for your home.

Most building codes require a railing if a deck is over 30 inches above the ground. The most recent code change requires that a deck railing withstand a "uniform load" of 125 pounds per linear foot. This means the top rail must support a continuous force of 125 pounds applied horizontally or vertically across its length and a "concentrated load" of 500 pounds applied at a single point on the rail, such as in the middle of a span or on a post. 

The design of the railing, including the type of materials used and the attachment points to the deck structure, will impact its ability to withstand these required loads. Most pre-fabricated railing systems are engineered to comply with the code, but careful consideration must be given to the underlying framing and attachment methods.

The material you choose for your deck railing will impact its durability, maintenance requirements, and overall aesthetic. Here’s a comparison of the most common options:

Wood railing with aluminum balusters

1. Wood Railing:

Wood is a classic and versatile choice, offering a natural and warm aesthetic. It’s highly customizable and can be stained or painted to match your deck and home. Pressure-treated lumber is the most common, but cedar, redwood, and other hardwoods are also popular.

• Pros: Classic and natural look, relatively affordable, easy to customize.

• Cons: Requires regular maintenance (staining or painting), susceptible to rot and insect damage if not properly treated. It’s also less durable than other materials in harsh weather conditions.

  
  

Infill Options: Wood railings can be paired with various infill materials, including traditional balusters of wood or metal, cable, or even glass panels for a modern twist.

Composite railing with aluminum balusters

2. Composite Railing:

Composite railing is made from a blend of wood fibers and recycled plastic. It offers the look of wood with significantly less maintenance.

• Pros: Low-maintenance, durable, resistant to rot and insects, long-lasting.

• Cons: Can be more expensive than wood, and although available in many colors, composite materials might not offer the same flexibility in design as wood.

  
  

Infill Options: Composite railings can be paired with composite or metal balusters, glass, or cable systems to enhance their appearance.

PVC railing with decorative panel

3. PVC Railing:

PVC (polyvinyl chloride) railing is another low-maintenance option that's highly durable and weather-resistant. Some brands are aluminum-reinforced for added strength.

• Pros: Very low-maintenance, resistant to rot, insects, and fading, easy to clean.

• Cons: Can look less natural than wood or composite, can be more expensive than composite.

Infill Options: PVC railings can be paired with metal balusters, PVC balusters, or PVC decorative panels.

Vinyl railing

4. Vinyl Deck Railings:

Vinyl railings have become increasingly popular for their low-maintenance, appeal, and modern look. Vinyl railings offer durability and a variety of styles without the need for staining or painting.

• Pros: Low-maintenance, resistant to moisture, rot, and mildew, requiring only occasional cleaning with soap and water, can be less expensive than composite or PVC.

• Cons: Though versatile, vinyl doesn’t always offer the same warmth or authenticity that wood or other products do.

Infill Options: Vinyl railings typically feature spindles or square balusters, but can also be combined with glass panels for an unobstructed view or cable railings for a contemporary look.

Aluminum railing with cable infill and wooden drink rail

5. Aluminum Railing:

Aluminum railing is known for its strength, durability, and sleek, modern look. It's a popular choice for contemporary homes.

• Pros: Strong and durable yet lightweight, low-maintenance, resistant to rust and corrosion, sleek aesthetic.

• Cons: Can be more expensive than wood or composite, can feel cold to the touch.

Infill Options: Aluminum railings often use traditional balusters, glass, or cable railings for a minimalistic and modern appearance.

Steel railing

6. Steel Railing:

Steel railing is incredibly strong and durable, often used for commercial applications and high-end residential decks.

• Pros: Extremely strong and durable, long-lasting, modern and industrial look.

• Cons: Most expensive option, can be susceptible to rust if not properly coated or maintained.

Infill Options: Steel railings often use traditional balusters, glass, or cable railings for a sleek appearance.

Choosing the Right Railing:

The best deck railing system for you will depend on several factors:

• Budget: Wood is generally the most affordable, while steel and glass are the most expensive.

• Style: Choose a railing that complements your home's architecture and your taste.

• Maintenance: Consider the maintenance requirements of different materials.

• Safety: Ensure the railing meets local building codes and provides adequate safety.

• View: If you have a beautiful view, consider cable or glass railing for minimal obstruction.

  
  

By carefully considering these factors and exploring the various options available, you can choose a deck railing system that enhances the beauty, safety, and functionality of your outdoor space. Consulting with a professional deck builder or railing specialist can provide valuable insights and ensure a successful installation.

Here are links to some product manufacturer websites for additional information and design choices. These are all products we have installed and trust.

https://www.timbertech.com/products/railing/ - PVC, composite, aluminum, and vinyl

https://www.trex.com/products/railing/ - composite and metal railing systems

https://rdirail.com/aluminumrailing/ - aluminum railing systems

https://feeneyinc.com – cable railing systems